110 Legal phrases used in Laws that every law/ CS student must know. part-2

110 Legal phrases used in Laws that every law/ CS student must know. part-2
56 Akin: Similar to; of the same type Coterminus: Similar to; of the same type

57 Impediment : Obstacles or Hindrance.

58 Sine Di: For indefinite period.

59 To deduce: Logically come to the conclusion.

60 Purview : Scope

61 Bounty : Additional Advantage

62 Ad Hoc: Without any particular rate, percentage, proportion.

63 Ad infinitum: Without any Time limit.

64 Ad interim : In the Mean Time

65 Bonafide : Genuine

66 Surmises : Presumptions, own assumptions

67 Defacto : Infact

68 DNF Jure: In Law, irrespective of whatever the facts.

69 Ejusdem Generis : Of the same kind

70 Ex-gratia : As a matter of grace ir favour

71 Ignorantia Legis known excusat: Ignorance of the law is not excused

72 Mesne Profit: Profit earned by somebody by wrongful possession of the property.

73 Modus Operandi : Mode of Operation / Manner of working

74 Nexus : Close connection link.

75 Onus probandi: Onus of proof / The Burden of Proof.

76 Non-obnstante clause: That provision has a superceding effect on any other provision

77 Raison D’etre : Reason or justification for existence.

78 Ratio Decidendi: Reason for deciding / Grounds for decision

79 Suijuris : of his own right.

80 Assessee engaged in…………….: The activity should have started

81 Option Vs Discretion: Whenever choices are available to the assessee in respect of any matter. Law uses the word at his option – for eg:
1. Sec 11(11) – Explanation to Sec. 11 (11)
2. Sec. 23(4)

82 amicus curiae: Friend of court; one who voluntarily or on invitation of the court, and not on instructions of any party, helps the court in any judicial proceedings

83 audi alteram : hear the other side. Both sides should be heard before a decision is arrived at

84 caveat emptor : let the purchaser beware. implying that the buyer must be cautious, as the risk is his and not that of the seller.

85 cestui que trust : a beneficiary under a trust, the person for whose benefit the trust is created

86 ex officio : by virtue of an office.

87 ex parte : exkpression used to signify something done or said by one person not in the
presence of his opponent.

88 fait accompli : An accomplished act.

89 obiter diccum : an opinion of law not necessary to the decision. An exspression of
opinion (formed) by a judge on a question immaterial to the ratio decidendi, and unnecessary for the decision of the particular case. It is no way binding on any court, but may receive attention as being an opinion of the high authority.

90 pendente lite : during litigation.

91 per incuriam : through carelessness, through inadvertence. A decision of the court is not binding precedent if given peer incuriam, that is, without the court’s attention having been drawn to the relevant authorities, or statutes.

92 pro tanto : to that extent, for so much, for as much as may be.

93 quid pro quo : the giving of one thing of value for another thing of value; one for the other; thing given as compensation.

94 Ratio Decidendi : Reason for deciding/Grounds for decision

95 res integra : an untouched matter; a point without a precedent; a case of novel impression.

96 rule njsi : a rule to show cause why a party should not do a certain act, or why the object of the rule should not be enforced.

97 in personam : against the person; an act or preceeding done or directed with reference to no specific person or with reference to all whom it might concern.

98 in rem : an act / proceeding done or directed with reference to no specific person or with refernce to all whom it might concern.

99 inter vivos : between living persons.

100 intestate : a person is deemed to die intestate in respect of property of which he or she
has not made a testamentary disposition (“will”) capable of taking effect.

101 intra vires : within the powers; within the authority given by law.

102 ipse dixit : he himself said it; there is no other authority.

103 ipso jure : by the law itself ; by the mere operation of law.

104 lis pe ndens : a pending suit.

105 rule absolute : when, having heard counsels, court directs the performance of that act forthwith.

106 sine die : without delay.

107 stare decisis : to stand by things decided; to abide by precedents where the same points come again in litigation.

108 status quo : existing condition.

109 sub judice : before a judge or court; pending decision of a competent court.

110 ultra vires : beyond one’s power..